Regulation of translation initiation in humans

Translation initiation is a critical checkpoint for gene expression. This process if tightly regulated by numerous initiation factors, the small ribosomal subunit and the mRNA sequence and structure to ensure protein production in response to cellular needs, stress, and developmental signals. We use cryo electron microscopy (cryo-EM) in combination with biochemical approaches to reveal the molecular mechanisms controlling translation initiation and their implication in health and disease.